本山大叔的昨天、今天、明天让我们笑了又笑,我也写篇关于我国轴承锻造工艺发展的昨天、今天、明天。近日我厂升级耐高温轴承生产设备,碰到了轴承锻造工艺部分改进,遂总结了下我国轴承锻造工艺的发展历程、现状与未来。
YI、FAZHANLICHENGYUXIANZHUANG
1、FAZHANLICHENG
WOGUOZHONGXIAOXINGZHOUCHENGDUANZAOCHENGXINGGONGYIJINGLILECONG 1980 NIANYIQIANDEBANGLIAODAKONG、DANJI、ZHANKUO,FAZHANDAOXIANZAIDEZIDONGHUA、JINJINGCHENGXING、GAOSUDUANDENGJISHU,BUDUANTUICHENCHUXIN。
2、GUONEIZHOUCHENGZHILIANGYUGUOJIXIANJINSHUIPINGCHAJU
WOGUOZHOUCHENGXINGYEJINGGUOJINXIENIANDEZHUANGBEISHENGJI、GONGYIGAIJIN、CHUANGXINTIGAO,ZHOUCHENGZHILIANGYIDEDAODAFUGAISHAN,DANXINGYEDEZHENGTITISHENGSHIYIGEXUNXUJIANJINDEGUOCHENG,YUGUOJIXIANJINSHUIPINGXIANGBI,DANGQIANGUONEIZHOUCHENGZHILIANGRENGRANCUNZAIYIXIACHAJU。
⑴ CHANPINZHILIANGYIZHIXINGCHA
ZHILIANGCANSHULISANDUDA,GONGCHAFENBUZHENGTAIQUXIANCHENGQIUFENGZHUANGERFEIJIANFENGZHUANG,PILAOSHOUMINGSANCHADA。
⑵ DONGTAIXINGNENGCHA
ZHENDONG、ZAOSHENGHEMOCA,TONGYANGBIAOZHUNXIA,HEGELVJIAOGUOWAIDI 20% ~40% ,ZHENDONG、ZAOSHENGDA5~10db 。
⑶ XINGNENGBAOCHIXINGCHA
JINGTAI、DONGTAIJIANCEJIEGUOXIANGTONG,YUNXINGDEJINGDUBAOCHIXINGCHA。
⑷ SHOUMINGKEKAOXINGDI
QIUZHOUCHENG:SHOUMINGZHISHU K(SHIYANSHOUMINGYUJISUANSHOUMINGZHIBI ),GUOCHAN K≥ 6,GUOWAI K≥ 8,DUIYINGKEKAODU R,GUONEI R≥ 0.96 ,GUOWAIR≥ 0.98 ;
GUNZIZHOUCHENG:K≥ 2,R≥ 0.94,GUOWAITONGLEICHANPIN K≥ 8,R≥ 0.96 。
ER、DUANZAOZHILIANGDUIZHOUCHENGXINGNENGYINGXIANG
1、DUANJIANZHILIANGDUIZHOUCHENGXINGNENGDEYINGXIANG
⑴ DUANJIANWANGZHUANGTANHUAWU、JINGLIDU、LIUXIAN:YINGXIANGZHOUCHENGPILAOSHOUMING。
⑵ DUANJIANLIEWEN、GUORE、GUOSHAO:YANZHONGYINGXIANGZHOUCHENGKEKAOXING。
⑶ DUANJIANCHICUN、JIHEJINGDU:YINGXIANGCHEJIAGONGZIDONGHUA,CAILIAOLIYONGLV。
⑷ SHENGCHANXIAOLV、ZIDONGHUA:YINGXIANGDUANJIANZHIZAOCHENGBEN,ZHILIANGYIZHIXING。
2、DUANJIANZHILIANG、GONGYISHUIPINGYUGUOWAIXIANJINQIYECHAJU
⑴ CHANPINZHILIANGFENSANDUDA、YIZHIXINGCHA。
⑵ GONGYIGUOCHENGKONGZHIBUYANSHENZHISHIKONG。
⑶ ZIDONGHUACHENGDUYUSHENGCHANXIAOLVDI。
3、ZHOUCHENGXINGYEZHONGXIAOXINGZHOUCHENGDUANZAOCUNZAIDEWENTI
⑴ YOUYUZHANGQISHOUXINGYE“ZHONGLENGQINGRE”SIXIANGDEYINGXIANG,DUANZAOXINGYEYUANGONGWENHUASHUIPINGPUBIANPIANDI,ZAIJIASHANGGONGZUOTIAOJIAN、ZUOYEHUANJINGELIE,RENWEIZHIYAOYOULIQIJIUXING,MEIYOURENSHIDAODUANZAOSHITESHUGUOCHENG,QIZHILIANGYOULIEDUIZHOUCHENGSHOUMINGYOUZHONGDAYINGXIANG。
⑵ CONGSHIZHOUCHENGDUANZAODEQIYEGUIMOPUBIANPIANXIAO,DUANZAOGONGYISHUIPINGLIANGYOUBUQI,HENDUOZHONGXIAOQIYEHAITINGLIUZAIDUANZAOKONGXINGDEJIEDUAN。
⑶ DUANZAOQIYEPUBIANDUIJIAREFANGSHIJINXINGLEGAIJIN,CAIYONGZHONGPINGANYINGJIARE,DANJINJINTINGLIUZAIBAGANGBANGZHIJIAJIAREDEJIEDUAN,MEIYOURENSHIDAOJIAREZHILIANGDEZHONGYAOXING,XINGYEYEMEIYOUZHONGPINGANYINGDUANZAOTOUREDEXINGYEJISHUGUIFAN,CUNZAIHENDADEZHILIANGFENGXIAN。
⑷ GONGYIZHUANGBEIDADOUCAIYONGYAJILIANXIAN,RENGONGCAOZUO,RENWEIYINSUYINGXIANGHENDA,ZHILIANGYIZHIXINGCHA,RUDUANZAOZHEDIE、CHICUNSANCHA、YUANJIAOQUELIAO、GUORESHENZHIGUOSHAO、SHILIEDENG。
⑸ YOUYUDUANJIAGONGGONGZUOHUANJINGJIANKU,NIANQINGRENBUYUANCONGSHI,ZHAOGONGNANSHIXINGYEPUBIANCUNZAIDEWENTI,DUANZAOQIYEGENGWEIJIANNAN,DUIDUANZAOZIDONGHUA、XINXIHUASHENGJIGAIZAOXINGCHENGHENDADETIAOZHAN。
⑹ SHENGCHANXIAOLVDIXIA,JIAGONGCHENGBENGAO,QIYECHUYUDICENGCIDESHENGTAIQUAN,SHENGCUNHUANJINGEHUA。
SAN、DUANZAOZHUANXINGSHENGJI
1、CAILIAOJISHUZHUANXINGSHENGJI
BIAOZHUNSHENGJI,YOU GB/T 18254-2002 SHENGJIDAO GB/T 18254-2016 ,ZHUYAOTIXIANZAIYIXIAJIFANGMIAN。
⑴ YELIANGONGYI:ZHENKONGYELIAN。
⑵ ZENGJIALEWEILIANGYOUHAICANYUYUANSUDEKONGZHI:CONG 5 GEZENGJIADAO 12 GE。
⑶ GUANJIANZHIBIAOYANG、TAIHANLIANG、 DS JIAZAWUKONGZHIFANGMIANJIEJINHUODADAOGUOJIXIANJINSHUIPING。
⑷ JUNYUNXINGMINGXIANGAISHAN:ZHUYAOCHENGFENPIANXIMINGXIANGAISHANKONGYAKONGLENGGONGYIYINGYONG,KONGZHIYAGANGWENDUJILENGQUEFANGSHI,SHIXIANSHUANGXIHUA(AOSHITIJINGLI、TANHUAWUKELIXIHUA ),GAISHANTANHUAWUWANGZHUANGJIBIE。
⑸ TANHUAWUDAIZHUANGHEGELVMINGXIANTISHENG:KONGZHIJIAOZHUGUOREDU,ZENGJIAYAZHIBI,BAOZHENGGAOWENKUOSANTUIHUOSHIJIAN。
⑹ ZHOUCHENGGANGZHILIANGYIZHIXINGTIGAO:SHIWUYEJINZHILIANGLUCIHEGELVDAFUDUTISHENG。
2、DUANZAOZIDONGHUAZHUANXING
⑴ GAOSUDUANZAO
ZIDONGJIARE、ZIDONGJIANQIE,JIXIESHOUZIDONGCHUANDI,ZIDONGCHENGXING,ZIDONGCHONGKONG、FENLI,SHIXIANKUAISUDUANDA,ZUIGAOSUDUKEDA 180 CI/min ,SHIYONGYUDAPILIANGZHONGXIAOZHOUCHENG、QICHELINGBUJIANDEDUANZAO,GAOSUDUANGONGYIYOUSHITIXIANZAIYIXIAJIFANGMIAN。
a、GAOXIAO
ZIDONGHUACHENGDUGAO,SHENGCHANXIAOLVGAO:YIHATEBEIER AMP30S GAOSUDUANZIDONGSHENGCHANXIANWEILI:GAOSUDUANZAOPINGJUNBANCHANYUE 33000 TAO,CAOZUOGONG 3 REN;TONGYANGCHANPINPUTONGCHUIZHIDUANZAOBANCHANYUE 8400 TAO,YUANGONG 10 REN,RENJUNLAODONGSHENGCHANXIAOLVTIGAO 13 BEI。
b、YOUZHI
DUANJIANJIAGONGJINGDUGAO,CHEJIAGONGYULIANGSHAO,YUANCAILIAOLANGFEISHAO;DUANJIANNEIBUZHILIANGHAO,LIUXIANFENBUYOULIYUZENGQIANGCHONGJIRENXINGHENAIMOXING,ZHOUCHENGSHOUMINGNENGTIGAOYIBEIYISHANG。
c、TOUWEIZIDONGSHUAILIAO,QUCHUBANGLIAOTANSHANGMANGQU、DUANTOUMAOCI。
d、JIENENG
YUCHANGGUIDUANZAOBIJIENENG 10% ~15% ,JIEYUEYUANCAILIAO 10% ~20% ,SHUIZIYUANJIEYUE 95% 。
e、ANQUAN
ZHENGGEDUANZAOGUOCHENGZAIFENGBIZHUANGTAIXIAWANCHENG;SHENGCHANGUOCHENGYIYUKONGZHI,BURONGYICHANSHENGSHUICUILIEWEN、HUNLIAOHEGUOSHAOXIANXIANG。
f、HUANBAO
WUSANFEI,HUANJINGZHENGJIE、ZAOSHENGDIYU 80dB ;LENGQUESHUIFENGBIXUNHUANSHIYONG,JIBENSHIXIANLINGPAIFANG。
⑵ DUOGONGWEIBUJINLIANG
CAIYONGREMODUANSHEBEI,ZAITONGYITAISHEBEISHANGWANCHENGYABING、CHENGXING、FENLI、CHONGKONGDENGGONGXU,GONGXUZHIJIANCHUANDICAIYONGBUJINLIANG,SHIYONGYUZHONGXINGZHOUCHENGDUANZAO,SHENGCHANJIEPAI 10~15 CI/min 。
⑶ JIQIRENDAITIREN
GENJUDUANZAOGONGXU,DUOTAIYAJILIANXIAN,YAJIZHIJIANCHANPINCHUANDICAIYONGJIQIRENCHUANDI,SHIYONGYUZHONGDAXINGZHOUCHENGHUOCHIPIDUANZAO,SHENGCHANJIEPAI 4~ 8 CI/min 。
⑷ JIXIESHOUDAITIREN
GAIZAOXIANYOUDUANZAOLIANXIAN,JUBUGONGWEICAIYONGJIANYIJIXIESHOUDAITIREN,CAOZUOJIANDAN,TOUZISHAO,SHIYONGYUXIAOXINGQIYEZIDONGHUAGAIZAO。
3、ZHONGPINGANYINGDUANZAOJIAREJISHU
⑴ ZHONGPINGANYINGJIARESHEBEISHEJIJISHUYAODIAN。
a、JIAREJIESHUSHI,LIAODUANXINBIAOWENCHA、TOUWEIWENCHA≤ 30 ℃ ( TONGGUOJISUANJIMONI ),JIAREGUOCHENGWEN
DUBODONGWEI± 25 ℃。
b、JIAREYINGFENSANGEJIEDUAN:YURE、SHENGWEN、BAOWEN,YUREJIEDUANXINBIAOWENCHA≤ 400 ℃。
c、BEIJIAREGUODEBANGLIAOBIXUXIAOYU 100 ℃FANGKEZAICIBEIJIARE,BINGQIEZHINENGZAIJIAREYICI,XUYOUFANGCUOZHUANGZHI。
d、ZHONGPINJIARELUBIXUPEISANLUFENXUAN,YUJIAREXITONGLIANDONGXINGCHENGBIHUAN。
⑵ ZHONGPINGANYINGJIARECEWENXITONGJISHUKONGZHIYAODIAN。
a、JIAREWENDUYINGZAIWUYANGHUAPIDEBIAOMIANSHANGCELIANG,RUJISHUSHANGYOUNANDU,YEKEYIZAIBANGLIAO / LIAODUANWAIJINGBIAOMIANCELIANG。
b、DUITONGYIDIANCAIYONGHONGWAIXIANSHUANGCEWEN,YUBANGLIAO / LIAODUANBIAOMIANCHUIZHI,LILUKOU 10cm 。
c、CEWENYIMEIMIAOZHONGCEWEN≥ CI,QULIANGZHEDEZUIDAZHIZUOWEISHUJUCHULIHUOGUOCHENGKONGZHI;LIANGZHE 10WENCHACHAOGUOWENDUKONGZHIGONGCHA,XUBAOJING。
d、HONGWAICEWENYIJUJIAODIANZHIJINGYING≤ 2mm,FASHELV ε =0.9 1000 ( ~ 1200 ℃ ) 。
e、MEITIANYONGBIDUIGAOWENJIYUSHEBEIGUDINGSHUANGCEWENGAOWENJIJINXINGBIDUI,PIANCHA≤ 50 ℃。
f、SUOYOUHONGWAICEWENYIMEINIANBIXUXIAOZHENG,JINGDUBUCHAOGUOCELIANGFANWEISHANGXIAXIANDE± 5% 。 0.
g、WENDUCELIANGXITONGWENDINGXINGYAOQIU:ZAIWENDINGJIAREZHUANGTAIXIA,LIANXUCELIANG 30 GELIAODUANDEJIAREWENDU,WENDUYINGCHENGZHENGTAIFENBU,BIAOZHUNPIANCHA σ≤ 7℃。
4、DUANZAOKONGXINGKONGXINGJISHU
⑴ JISHUWEIDU
a、JIAREZHILIANGKONGZHI:PEIZHISHUANGDIANYUANSHEJI,BAOZHENGYUREJIEDUANXINBIAOWENCHA≤ 400 ℃;PEIZHISHUANGCEWENYI(JIARELUCHULIAOKOU );JINLIAOCHUPEIZHI 1 TAOCEWENYI,FANGZHIYUWENLIAOJINRU(TEBIESHIGAOSUDUAN);PEIZHIZAIXIANHUNLIAOJIANCEZHUANGZHI;SANLUFENXUAN、CHAOWENBAOJING、SHUIWEN、SHUIYABAOJINGWEIBIAOPEI。
b、KONGDUANKONGLENG:SHUANG“XIHUA”,JINGQUEDEWENDUKONGZHI,FANGZHIDUANJIANGUORE、GUOSHAO;XIHUAJINGLI;KONGZHIDUANHOULENGQUESUDU,FANGZHICHUXIANWANGZHUANGZUZHI,XIHUAZUZHI,TIGAOPILAOSHOUMING。
c、MOJUJISHU:JISUANJIFANGZHENMONISHEJI;ZHENKONGRECHULI;BIAOMIANGAIXINGJISHU。
d、ZHONGYAOLINGBUJIAN:DUIYUANCAILIAOJINXING“SHUANGTAN”,CHAOSHENG + LOUCITANSHANG;BIAOMIANBAPI,QUCHUBIAOMIANTANSHANGMANGQULIEWEN。
e、TESHULINGJIAN,SHEBEIJIEGOUTESHUSHEJI:XIAOERBODELINGJIANRUQICHETULUNZHOUSHANGDETULUNPIAN,SHEJICEXIANGPAILIAOXITONG。
⑵ GUANLIWEIDU:REN、JI、LIAO、FA、HUAN、CE。
5、DUANJIANDEJINJINGCHENGXINGJISHU
⑴ GAOSUDUANZAO + LENGZHANJISHU。LENGZHANCHANPINCHICUNJINGDUYUXINGWEIGONGCHAANJB/T 11759-2013 《LENGYAZHOUCHENGHUANJIANJIXIEJIAGONGYULIANGJIGONGCHA》JI JB/T 12101-2014《SHUKONGLENGZHANHUANJI》 ,YI 3155 CHANPINWEILI,GAOSUDUAN + LENGZHANJINJINGCHENGXINGJISHUJIECAI 17.7% ,GAOSUDUAN + LENGZHANDUICHANPINXINGNENGDEYINGXIANG。
⑵ SHUZHIMONIFANGZHENJISHUZAIDUANZAOZHONGDEYINGYONG。
a、GOUJIANCHIPIJIMOJUSHUZIHUASANWEIJIHEMOXINGHEYOUXIANYUANMOXING,FENXIJINJINGCHENGXINGGUOCHENGZHONGDEJINSHULIUDONG、YINGBIAN、YINGLI、WENDUDENGCHANGLIANGFENBUZHUANGTAI,WEISHIJISHENGCHANZHONGDESHEBEIXUANXINGTIGAOCANKAO。
b、FENXICHIPIJINJINGCHENGXINGZHUYAOGONGYICANSHU:DUANZAOWENDU、DUANZAOSUDU、MOJUYUREWENDUHEMOCAXISHU,DEDAOGEGONGYICANSHUDUICHIPICHENGXINGGUOCHENGDEYINGXIANGGUILV,WEISHIJISHENGCHANTIGONGJISHUZHICHI。
c、FENXIBUTONGGONGYIFANGANDECHENGXINGGUILV,JIANLICHENGXINGGONGYICANSHUYOUHUAMOXING,QUEDINGZUIJIACHENGXINGGONGYICANSHU。
d、JIANLIMOJUJIEGOUYINSUDANSUXINGYOUXIANYUANMOXING,FENXICHIPICHENGXINGGUOCHENGZHONGMOJUJUBUYINGLIYINGBIANFENBUZHUANGTAI,YANJIUMOJUCHENGXINGZAIHEHEMOSUN,FENXIYOUHUAMOJUJIEGOU、TIGAOMOJUSHOUMING。
⑶ MOJUSHUZHIMONIFANGZHENJISHUYINGYONG。
a、MOJUJIEGOUYOUHUASHUZHIMONI。
b、GONGYIYOUHUASHUZHIMONI。
c、MOJUJIEGOUGAISHANJINSHULIUXIAN。
d、CHIPIJINJINGCHENGXINGMOJUSHOUMINGYUCE。
e、MOJUMOSUNSHUZHIMONI。
SI、ZHANWANG
DUANZAOSHEJICAILIAOZHONGLEIFANDUO,DUANZAOGUOCHENGJIMOJUCUNZAIZHUGUANHEKEGUANFANGMIANDEFUZAXING、DUOYANGXING,ZAICAILIAOJISHU、ZIDONGHUAJISHU、JIAREJISHU、KONGXINGKONGXINGJISHU、JINJINGCHENGXINGJISHUFANGMIANHAIYOUHENDUOTISHENGKONGJIAN,YOUQISHIJINJINGCHENGXINGSHUZHIMONIJISHUYINGYONGFANGMIAN,HAIBUSHISHIFENGUANGFAN,CAILIAOSHUJUKUZHONGSHIJIYINGYONGSHUJUJIAOSHAO,MONIBIANXINGSHUJUYUSHIJIHAIYOUYIDINGCHAYI,XUDUICAILIAOGAOWENBIANXINGJINXINGDALIANGSHIYAN,YIHUOQUGAOWENBIANXINGDESHIJISHUJU,TIGAOMONIFANGZHENDEZHUNQUEXING。SUIZHEDUANZAOFANGZHENMONIJISHUDEYANJIU,XIANGXINJINJINGCHENGXINGJISHUYIDINGHUIGUANGFANYINGYONGYUSHAOWUQIEXUEDEJINGMIDUANZAOLINGYU。